|
The Rossi–Forel scale was one of the first seismic scales to reflect earthquake intensities. Developed by Michele Stefano Conte de Rossi of Italy and François-Alphonse Forel of Switzerland in the late 19th century, it was used for about two decades until the introduction of the Mercalli intensity scale in 1902. The Rossi-Forel scale and/or its modifications is still in use in some countries, such as the Philippines. The 1873 version of the Rossi–Forel scale had 10 intensity levels: * I. Microseismic tremor. Recorded by a single seismograph or by seismographs of the same model, but not by several seismographs of different kinds. The shock felt by an experienced observer. * II. Extremely feeble tremor. Recorded by several seismographs of different kinds. Felt by a small number of persons at rest. * III. Feeble tremor. Felt by several persons at rest. Strong enough for the direction or duration to be appreciable. * IV. Slight tremor. Felt by persons in motion. Disturbance of movable objects, doors, windows, cracking of ceilings. * V. Moderate tremor. Felt generally by everyone. Disturbance of furniture, ringing of some bells. * VI. Strong tremor. General awakening of those asleep. General ringing of bells. Oscillation of chandeliers, stopping of clocks, visible agitation of trees and shrubs. Some startled persons leaving their dwellings. * VII. Very strong tremor. Overthrow of movable objects, fall of plaster, ringing of church bells. General panic. Moderate to heavy damage buildings. * VIII. Damaging tremor. Fall of chimneys. Cracks in the walls of buildings. * IX. Devastating tremor. Partial or total destruction of buildings. * X. Extremely high intensity tremor. Great disaster, ruins, disturbance of the strata, fissures in the ground, rock falls from mountains. == See also == *Richter Scale *Other seismic scales 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rossi–Forel scale」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|